Intonation refers to both 1) the pitch (high and low) of the text as a whole, and 2) the rising or lowing pitch at the end of a sentence. Like many other languages, intonation in Japanese is one way to communicate our intention. For example when narrating the intonation follows the patter of the Japanese hiragana character he (へ). The pitch starts high at the beginning of the sentence and gradually gets lower. Another example would be when asking a question. The question Taberu? Has a rising intonation at the end of the sentence, but the answer, taberu, has a falling intonation.